and its Future Mapping® process, experts worked together to map out the best scenario for the libraries of the future ( Leslie, 1999). In the same year, O'Neill and Morris (1989) looked at the challenge and implications of ESs technology for LIS. Even Hsieh and Hall (1989) examined the definition and history of AI and investigates the body of literature on AI in “Library Literature” and Lisa. A lot of research has already been made of the various uses of AI technologies in libraries. The presented papers at the 27th Annual Clinic on Library Applications of Data Processing dealt the capabilities relate to the library applications: descriptive cataloging, technical services and collection development, subject indexing, reference services, database searching and document delivery ( Lancaster and Smith, 1990). This could have implications for librarians. These systems are an important competitor of human activities in the library. The careful decision making of these systems is based on the knowledge created by users in the library system. These systems, as a complementary system to the main library system, can make intelligent decisions for the retrieval and use of information resources. Intelligent systems are used in the library to provide knowledge-based services to users of the library system and end-users. The ideas of the utilization of intelligent systems instead of the classic systems in libraries started in 1990. AI techniques give more accuracy to the automation of libraries. Hence, in order to increase efficiency and effectiveness, many libraries are moving toward automation of their activities” ( Dwivedi et al., 2013). “Library management and its activities apply repetitious and time-consuming activities. Library and information science also have developed in using intelligent systems. AI techniques or tools have utilized in many areas such as business, management, medicine, military etc. These areas are not separate, and in many intelligent systems at the same time, two or more AI techniques contribute in problem to solving. AI involves amongst other expert systems (ESs), fuzzy logic, artificial neural network, evolutionary algorithms, case-based reasoning, image processing, natural language processing, speech recognition and robotics. In this context, the focus is on human behavior and how machines can imitate intelligent human behavior. In computer science, artificial intelligence (AI) is an important topic. The full terms of this licence may be seen at. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial & non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) licence. Copyright © 2020, Asefeh Asemi, Andrea Ko and Mohsen Nowkarizi License
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